Rrc en 20:01 5 abr 2014

2014-04-05T20:01:07Z

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__NOTOC__
* [[:#ln | ln]]

== ln ==

<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
[root@Llawyr ComandosDeLaTerminal]# ln --help
Usage: ln [OPTION]... [-T] TARGET LINK_NAME (1st form)
or: ln [OPTION]... TARGET (2nd form)
or: ln [OPTION]... TARGET... DIRECTORY (3rd form)
or: ln [OPTION]... -t DIRECTORY TARGET... (4th form)
In the 1st form, create a link to TARGET with the name LINK_NAME.
In the 2nd form, create a link to TARGET in the current directory.
In the 3rd and 4th forms, create links to each TARGET in DIRECTORY.
Create hard links by default, symbolic links with --symbolic.
By default, each destination (name of new link) should not already exist.
When creating hard links, each TARGET must exist. Symbolic links
can hold arbitrary text; if later resolved, a relative link is
interpreted in relation to its parent directory.

Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.
--backup[=CONTROL] make a backup of each existing destination file
-b like --backup but does not accept an argument
-d, -F, --directory allow the superuser to attempt to hard link
directories (note: will probably fail due to
system restrictions, even for the superuser)
-f, --force remove existing destination files
-i, --interactive prompt whether to remove destinations
-L, --logical dereference TARGETs that are symbolic links
-n, --no-dereference treat LINK_NAME as a normal file if
it is a symbolic link to a directory
-P, --physical make hard links directly to symbolic links
-r, --relative create symbolic links relative to link location
-s, --symbolic make symbolic links instead of hard links
-S, --suffix=SUFFIX override the usual backup suffix
-t, --target-directory=DIRECTORY specify the DIRECTORY in which to create
the links
-T, --no-target-directory treat LINK_NAME as a normal file always
-v, --verbose print name of each linked file
--help display this help and exit
--version output version information and exit

The backup suffix is '~', unless set with --suffix or SIMPLE_BACKUP_SUFFIX.
The version control method may be selected via the --backup option or through
the VERSION_CONTROL environment variable. Here are the values:

none, off never make backups (even if --backup is given)
numbered, t make numbered backups
existing, nil numbered if numbered backups exist, simple otherwise
simple, never always make simple backups

Using -s ignores -L and -P. Otherwise, the last option specified controls
behavior when a TARGET is a symbolic link, defaulting to -P.

Report ln bugs to bug-coreutils@gnu.org
GNU coreutils home page: <http://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/>
General help using GNU software: <http://www.gnu.org/gethelp/>
For complete documentation, run: info coreutils 'ln invocation'

[root@Llawyr ComandosDeLaTerminal]# ln --version
ln (GNU coreutils) 8.21
Copyright (C) 2013 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>.
This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.
There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.

Written by Mike Parker and David MacKenzie.

[root@Llawyr ComandosDeLaTerminal]# ln STRERR HLSTERR

[root@Llawyr ComandosDeLaTerminal]# ls -ali STRERR HLSTERR
8521820 -rw------- 2 rrc rrc 44 Nov 16 13:10 HLSTERR
8521820 -rw------- 2 rrc rrc 44 Nov 16 13:10 STRERR

[root@Llawyr ComandosDeLaTerminal]# rm STRERR
rm: remove regular file ‘STRERR’? y

[root@Llawyr ComandosDeLaTerminal]# ls -ali STRERR HLSTERR
ls: cannot access STRERR: No such file or directory
8521820 -rw------- 1 rrc rrc 44 Nov 16 13:10 HLSTERR

[root@Llawyr ComandosDeLaTerminal]# ln -s HLSTERR STDERR

[root@Llawyr ComandosDeLaTerminal]# ls -ali STDERR
8523095 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 7 Apr 4 15:31 STDERR -> HLSTERR

[root@Llawyr ComandosDeLaTerminal]# rm HLSTERR
rm: remove regular file ‘HLSTERR’? y

[root@Llawyr ComandosDeLaTerminal]# ls -ali STDERR HLSTDERR
ls: cannot access HLSTDERR: No such file or directory
8523095 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 7 Apr 4 15:31 STDERR -> HLSTERR

[rrc@Llawyr ComandosDeLaTerminal]$ ln -s ../../../var/www/html/linuxcabal.org

[rrc@Llawyr ComandosDeLaTerminal]$ ls -al linuxcabal.org
lrwxrwxrwx 1 rrc rrc 36 Apr 4 16:31 linuxcabal.org -> ../../../var/www/html/linuxcabal.org/

[rrc@Llawyr ComandosDeLaTerminal]$ ln -s ../../var/www/html/richard
ln: failed to create symbolic link ‘./richard’: File exists

[rrc@Llawyr ComandosDeLaTerminal]$ ln -sf ../../var/www/html/richard

[rrc@Llawyr ComandosDeLaTerminal]$ ls -al richard
lrwxrwxrwx 1 rrc rrc 26 Apr 4 16:34 richard -> ../../var/www/html/richard

[root@pridd ComandosDeLaTerminal]# ln -is ../../../var/www/html/richard
ln: replace ‘./richard’?

[root@pridd ComandosDeLaTerminal]# ls -al richard
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 29 Apr 5 13:51 richard -> ../../../var/www/html/richard/

[root@pridd ComandosDeLaTerminal]# ln -sr /var/www/html

[root@pridd ComandosDeLaTerminal]# ls -al html
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 21 Apr 5 13:53 html -> ../../../var/www/html/

[root@pridd ComandosDeLaTerminal]# ls -al C1/C2/C3
total 12
drwxrwxrwx 3 rrc rrc 4096 Mar 22 16:03 ./
drwxrwxrwx 3 rrc rrc 4096 Mar 22 16:03 ../
drwxrwxrwx 3 rrc rrc 4096 Mar 22 16:04 C4/

[root@pridd ComandosDeLaTerminal]# ln -st C1/C2/C3 /var/www/html/richard
[root@pridd ComandosDeLaTerminal]# ls -al C1/C2/C3
total 12
drwxrwxrwx 3 rrc rrc 4096 Apr 5 13:57 ./
drwxrwxrwx 3 rrc rrc 4096 Mar 22 16:03 ../
drwxrwxrwx 3 rrc rrc 4096 Mar 22 16:04 C4/
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 21 Apr 5 13:57 richard -> /var/www/html/richard/

[root@pridd ComandosDeLaTerminal]# ln -irst C1/C2/C3 /var/www/html/richard
ln: replace ‘C1/C2/C3/richard’? y

[root@pridd ComandosDeLaTerminal]# ls -al C1/C2/C3
total 12
drwxrwxrwx 3 rrc rrc 4096 Apr 5 13:57 ./
drwxrwxrwx 3 rrc rrc 4096 Mar 22 16:03 ../
drwxrwxrwx 3 rrc rrc 4096 Mar 22 16:04 C4/
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 38 Apr 5 13:57 richard -> ../../../../../../var/www/html/richard/

[root@pridd ComandosDeLaTerminal]# ln -sriv /var/www/html/richard
ln: replace ‘./richard’? y
‘./richard’ -> ‘../../../var/www/html/richard’

</syntaxhighlight>

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Rrc en 20:01 5 abr 2014